Machine Vision Definition:

Machine vision is a rapidly developing branch of artificial intelligence that uses computer systems to mimic the functions of the human eye and brain to recognize, analyze, and understand images and videos. The target to be captured is converted into image signals by image capturing devices (such as CMOS and CCD cameras), which are transmitted to a specialized image processing system, which in turn obtains morphological information about the target to be captured. These signals are converted into digital signals based on information such as pixel distribution, brightness, and color, and various operations are performed by the image system to extract the characteristics of the target, and to control the actions of the equipment in the field based on the results of the discrimination.

Q: What are the machine vision devices?

A: Machine vision system is a comprehensive technology system, including multiple key devices and components, which can be mainly divided into image acquisition devices, image processing and analysis devices, mechanical control and execution devices.

Image Acquisition Devices:

① Light source: used to illuminate the target, increase the brightness, the formation of the effect is conducive to image processing, to overcome the impact of ambient light, to ensure image stability. The design of the light source requires a clear contrast, the target and the background of the border is clear, the background as much as possible fade and uniform.

② Lenses: including fixed-focus lens, zoom lens, telecentric lens, microscope head, etc., used to focus light on the camera sensor to form a clear image.

③ camera: divided into CCD cameras and CMOS cameras, used to capture images and convert them into digital signals. The performance parameters of the camera include pixel size, resolution, target surface size, sensing curve, dynamic range, sensitivity and so on.

Image processing and analysis devices:

① Image processing unit (or image capture card): used to receive digital signals transmitted by the camera and perform preliminary processing.

② Image processing software: used for advanced processing and analysis of images, such as feature extraction, image enhancement, pattern recognition, etc..

③ Industrial control host: as the core computing platform for image processing and analysis, it provides powerful computing and storage capabilities.

Mechanical control actuators:

① Mechanical platform: used to support and fix the image acquisition device to ensure the stability and accuracy of shooting.

② Execution mechanism: such as manipulator, conveyor belt, etc., to control the movement of the device according to the image processing results.